Industrial disputes in Q4 were steady in terms of the number and employees involved at around 70 and 22.2k respectively. However, there was a marked increase over the year. In 2022 there were 189 disputes up over 45% on 2021 and they involved 122.9k employees up 73% y/y. Working days lost rose 69% y/y. Q4 2022 CPI inflation rose 7.8% and the significant deterioration in industrial disputes over the year likely reflected an increased push by workers for higher wages to reflect this.