INTERNATIONAL TRADE: Chinese Export Growth To US May Be Bottoming Out
Dec-08 15:01
- The sharp fall in Chinese export growth to the US showed tentative signs of bottoming out in November, likely a function of easing trade tensions and lower effective tariff rates compared to earlier this year. Bilateral tariff rates between the US and China were lowered last month following a meeting in South Korea. Meanwhile, US Trade Representative Greer noted yesterday that China was “in compliance” of the latest agreements.
- Chinese exports to the US fell 28.5% Y/Y to $33.8bln in November, an acceleration from -25.1% last month. However, 3mma growth was -26.9%, up from -28.4% prior.
- Although Chinese exports to ASEAN nations such as Vietnam remain firm (at least part of which is assumed to be transhipments to the US), growth has started to roll over in recent months.
- Meanwhile, export growth to the EU remains steady at around 10% Y/Y. Although risks of disinflationary Chinese trade diversion have not fully materialised this year, it is still important to monitor - both for the ECB and European Commission. China’s exports remain highly competitive with weak domestic (and export) price pressures putting downward pressure on the real effective exchange rate, in addition to nominal EURCNH upside seen YTD.
- Yesterday, French President Macron addressed these risks directly: “I’m trying to explain to the Chinese that their trade surplus isn’t sustainable because they’re killing their own clients, notably by importing hardly anything from us any more”….” If they don’t react, in the coming months we Europeans will be obliged to take strong measures and decouple, like the US, like for example tariffs on Chinese products”
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FED: Fed Assets Pull Back, But Reserve Management Buys Eyed In 2026 (2/2)
Nov-07 21:58
Indeed NY's Williams has already begun pointing to potential for balance sheet re-expansion to begin again, with "reserve management" purchases intended to keep Fed liabilities rising in line with market demand:
- "Looking forward, the next step in our balance sheet strategy will be to assess when the level of reserves has reached ample. It will then be time to begin the process of gradual purchases of assets that will maintain an ample level of reserves as the Fed’s other liabilities grow and underlying demand for reserves increases over time. Such reserve management purchases will represent the natural next stage of the implementation of the FOMC’s ample reserves strategy and in no way represent a change in the underlying stance of monetary policy."
- The prevailing consensus is that such reserve management purchases will begin by the end of Q1 2026 if not earlier, with t-bills bought and in amounts of up to $20B a month.
- Meanwhile in the final countdown to the end of QT on December 1, net SOMA runoff was around $4B in the last week, with a pace of around $20B overall over the last month.
- Takeup of the Fed's lending facilities pulled back in the week to Wednesday Nov 5, halving to just over $11B as month-end pressures abated. This was due almost entirely to a $10.2B drop in dealer repo operation takeup, the spike in which last week marked the highest since 2020.
FED: Reserves Tick Up Slightly In Latest Week, But Still Near "Ample" (1/2)
Nov-07 21:53
The Fed's latest H.4.1 release on Nov 5 showed reserves picked up from the prior week's post-2020 lows to $2.85T, up $24B in the latest week but still down $182B over the last month.
- This of course has been the mirror image of movements in the Treasury General Account which briefly touched $1T though settled Wednesday at $943B (a fall of $41B on the week, but a rise of $149B in a month).
- Treasury indicated this week that it maintained its $850B quarter-end cash target, with the recent buildup due in part to the federal government shutdown slowing outflows but also a typical cautionary cash rase ahead of large seasonal expenditures.
- The Fed's reverse repo facilities remained in relatively negligible territory albeit with a slight pickup at month-end October.
- Overall the Fed has recognized that it may be getting close to the transition point between once-"abundant" and now merely "ample" reserves, hence October's decision to end net asset runoff as of Dec 1.
- NY Fed President Williams said Friday morning “Based on recent sustained repo market pressures and other growing signs of reserves moving from abundant to ample, I expect that it will not be long before we reach ample reserves."
FED: Financial Stability Report Eyes Term Premia And "Opaque" Financing Risks
Nov-07 21:31
A few highlights from the Fed's latest Financial Stability report out today (link):
- In terms of asset valuations, "Prices remained high relative to their historical relationship with fundamentals across a range of markets."
- The report highlights high leverage in the financial sector: "Vulnerabilities associated with financial leverage remained notable. Over the past few years, hedge funds’ leverage has steadily increased across a broad range of strategies, including those involving Treasury securities, interest rate derivatives, and equities"
- However "Vulnerabilities from business and household debt remained moderate" and "The banking sector remained sound and resilient overall, and most banks continued to report capital levels well above regulatory requirements."
- In terms of future risks, "A further increase in term premiums leading to higher-than-anticipated long-term interest rates, particularly if accompanied by
persistent inflation, could pose risks for both borrowers and lenders" - And the Fed has its eye on "opaque off-balance-sheet funding arrangements" re the recent voliatility caused by First Brands and Tricolor: "The recent bankruptcies of two privately held firms, an auto parts supplier and a subprime auto lender, so far appear to be isolated events. However, these examples highlight that unexpected losses could arise from opaque off-balance-sheet funding arrangements that may be used by certain privately held firms."
